This website contains information about
INBRIJA® (levodopa inhalation powder)
M-INB-UK-0047
Date of preparation: December 2025
Have OFF episodes stopped your patients doing the things
they love?
OFF episodes in Parkinson’s disease are motor and/or non-motor symptoms leading to functional disability and impact significantly on patients’ lives.1
OFF episodes may cause people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) to:
Have difficulty walking due to poor balance or freezing of gait2,3
Fear falling in public due to postural instability or poor balance2,3
Avoid public spaces due to tremor or bradykinesia4
Avoid restaurants due to difficulty handling utensils3
Patients may suffer in silence despite debilitating OFF episodes
Many patients do not report the frequency and severity of all OFF episodes
to their clinician.5
53%
of participants reported most commonly waiting for their symptoms to dissipate or for their next dose of maintenance medication when OFF episodes occurred.5
The first time I realised that my hand was shaking, I decided not to go to work because I was embarrassed.4
– Actual PD patient quote
Actor portrayal
References:
- 1. Devraj R, Elkouzi A, Tracey MR. Real-world experiences of Parkinson’s disease OFF time and role of demographics. J Patient Cent Res Rev. 2024;11:8-17.
- 2. Hammarlund CS, Westergren A, Astrom I, Edberg AK, Hagell P. The impact of living with Parkinson’s disease: balancing within a web of needs and demands. Park Dis. 2018.
- 3. Subramanian I, Farahnik J, Mischley LK. Synergy of pandemics-social isolation is associated with worsened Parkinson severity and quality of life. Npj Parkinson’s Disease. 2020;6:28.
- 4. Soleimani MA, Negarandeh R, Bastani F, Greysen R. Disrupted social connectedness in people with Parkinson’s disease. Br J Community Nurs. 2014;19:136-141.
- 5. Thach A, Sutphin J, Coutler J, Mansfield C. Patient experiences and preferences for specific on-demand treatments for Parkinson’s disease-related “OFF” episodes [abstract]. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2020;26:s40.